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Landela izinkinga zokuziphatha nezokuziphatha kumotor wakho we-24V DC
Ukufanana kwe-voltage, ukususa kwamandla, nokuphelele kwe-mithombo yomthelela kumotor we-24V DC
Isiqukuthi sesikhathi sifanele ukunika i-24V DC esihlukene ngokuphelele, noma kungenzeka ukuthi kubhekwe ngaphezu kwe-±5%. Uma i-voltage zihlukana kakhulu, izinkampani zizobhala njengokungafanele futhi iziqephu zizobuyela kahle. Okunye okufanele ukubonwa: uma izimoto zibegina, zizothatha i-current ezintathu zezinhlobo zabo zokusebenza. Lokho kusho ukuthi isiqukuthi sesikhathi kufanele akwazi ukwenza kuphela izinkinga zokusebenza kodwa kufanele akwazi ukusebenza ngaphezu kwe-20% yekhapa elingaphambili. Ukubusa kakhulu ukugcina ukuthi i-voltage iphansi kwezidingo, bheka amasiqukuthi asesikhathini okuthi aqondisa i-under-voltage lockout features. Izinhlobo zebhatthiri zifanele ukuzibophezela kakhulu. Uma ubambisana amabhatthiri amabili e-12V, qinisekisa ukuthi i-voltage ekugcinelweni kwayo ayikwazi ukuphansi kwe-22.8V uma kusetyenziswa ngokwempilo. Uma ikhupha phansi kwalokho, kungakwazi ukuthi isistimu ishale kahle noma kungaba yisiphetho esigcwele sesiqephu. Futhi ungakhohlwa ukuthi kune-ripple voltage. Qinisekisa ukuthi iyaphansi kwe-3% ukuze usivikele kulezi ziqephu zokuthi ziyabhekisa umsebenzi wokuthi ziyabhekisa i-torque. Lezi zizingo zihambisana nezidingo zokuthi kubhalwe ku-IEC 60034-1 ukuthi isiqukuthi sesikhathi siyasebenza ngokuphelele kuma-DC motor.
Ukuhambisana kwe-torque, ispeed (RPM), kunye ne-inertia: umsebenzi wokuphakama ngokwesandla vs. izinkinga zokuphakama ngokwesandla
Izidingo zesitatic torque—njengokukhupha ukungafani kwesandla kwe-conveyor belts—zihlukene kakhulu kuma-torque okufanele aphakamise. Kuma-application okuphakama kusheshi, bala ama-torque okuphakama ngokusebenzisa:
$$ \text{Torque Yokuphakama} = \text{Inertia Yelugcina} \times \text{Ukuphakama Kwesandla} $$
Ukugcina isilinganiso se-inertia se-motor-to-load esingaphansi kuka-10: 1 kusiza ukugcina impendulo yokulawula enhle futhi kuvimbele ukudlidliza okungafuneki noma izinkinga zokuxhumana. Into ebalulekile okufanele uyikhumbule ukuthi i-torque nesivinini kusebenza kanjani ndawonye - uma imoto ye-24V DC isebenza cishe ngo-90% we-RPM yayo enkulu, empeleni ikhiqiza cishe u-110% we-torque yayo yokuphuma. Izimoto ezixutshiwe zidinga ukunakwa ngokukhethekile lapha ngoba ukuzisebenzisa ngokushesha kakhulu isikhathi eside kakhulu kungaholela ezinkingeni lapho kusebenza kabi i-commutator. Ukuze kusetshenziswe izinto ezihilela imithwalo esindayo enokuqina okukhulu, ukungeza igiya kwenza izinto zisebenze kangcono. Lokhu akugcini nje ngokuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle, kodwa futhi kugcina amazinga okushisa engakhuphuki ngendlela eyingozi. Izinhlelo eziningi kufanele zihlale ngaphansi kuka-85 degrees Celsius ngokwezinga lomkhakha njenge-NEMA MG-1.
Khetha phakathi kwama-brushed noma ama-brushless 24V DC Motors
Ukusebenza, Isikhathi Sokuphila, Nokugcinwa Kwezimoto Ezihlungiwe vs Ezingahlungiwe ze-24V DC
Imoto ye-24V DC enamabhulashi inentengo ephansi nokulawula okulula kwevolthi, kodwa kunenkinga. Lezi zimoto zisebenzisa izingxenye zemishini ukuze ziguqule izinto eziya zishabalala ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Iningi lihlala phakathi kwamahora angu-1 000 kuya kwangu-3 000 ngaphambi kokuba lidinge ukunakwa. Ukugcinwa komshini kuba yinto evamile njengoba lezi zinjini, amabhulashi, kudingeka kushintshwe futhi umshini wokushintsha umshini ungcolile, konke lokhu kwandisa izindleko zokuthola umshini owodwa isikhathi eside. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ama-brushless DC noma ama-BLDC motors asebenza ngendlela ehlukile. Balahla lezo zingxenye ezingasasebenzi ngokusebenzisa izinto zobuchwepheshe esikhundleni salokho. Lokhu kusho ukuthi zingagijima amahora angaphezu kuka-10.000 ngaphandle kokwenza lutho. Yiqiniso, izinhlelo ze-BLDC zibiza kakhulu ekuqaleni, kodwa lapho sibheka ukufakwa lapho izinto kudingeka ziqhubeke zisebenza khona ngaphandle kokuma noma ezindaweni okunzima ukufinyelela kuzo, abantu abaningi bathola ukuthi imali eyengeziwe iyafaneleka ekugcineni.
Imiphumela Yokusebenza, Ukuziphatha Okushisayo, Nokubaluleka Kokulawula
Ama-brushless DC motors ngokuvamile asebenza cishe ngo-85 kuya ku-90 ekhulwini, okuyinto engcono kakhulu kunama-75 kuya ku-80 ekhulwini esiwabona kuma-brushed motors. Lokhu bakwenza ngoba kunokulahlekelwa okuncane kokumelana futhi akukho ukuwa kwevolthi phakathi kwamabhulashi. Waba yini umphumela? Ukushisa okuncane okulahlwayo, ukucindezeleka okuncane okushisayo ezingxenyeni, nendawo eningi yokusebenza lapho kwakhiwa amadivayisi amancane. Kodwa nakhu okuyiphutha: Ama-BLDC motors adinga izilawuli zejubane ezikhethekile ukuze asebenze kahle futhi abe nezinhlelo zokuphendula ezifana nezinzwa noma ama-encoder. Ama-brushed motors ayizilwane ezilula ezisebenza kahle nge-PWM eyisisekelo noma abashayeli abaqondile, nakuba ephonsa ukuphazamiseka okuningi okungase kuphazamise imishini ebucayi eseduze. Ezimweni lapho ukusebenza kubaluleke kakhulu, njengengalo yamarobhothi noma ama-AGV ahamba emabhizinisini, umzamo owengeziwe odingekayo wokuphatha ama-BLDC ukhokha kahle ngenxa yokukhishwa kwawo kwe-torque engaguquguquki kanye nezici zokusheshisa ezingcono kakhulu uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye izindlela z
Bheka imithwalo yomdlalo, yokusebenza, nokuphatha kwesikhathi esihle
Ukuthinteka kwe-duty cycle: ukusebenza ngokuthekelwa, ngokugqamile, nokusebenza ngokuphakeme
Kukhetha amamotori, qinisa ukuthi zihambisana noma ziyasebenza ngokwesikhathi sokusebenza esiphathelene ngezinhlelo zokusebenza zezinkampani, akunye noma kuphela ngemboni yezimali zokusebenza. Kumaqhuba owenziwa ngokuphumelela konke isikhathi sokusebenza, ukuphatha kwezinye izinto ezithembekile kuyizinye zezinkinga eziphakeme kakhulu. Lokhu kusho ukuthi izinto njengezinhlelo zokuvula kwezinye izinye izinto noma ukusebenzisa amamotori okuhlanganisa izinto ezinamandla okuhlanza izinto. Ngaphakathi kwale ndlela, uma izinkampani zisebenza ngokuphumelela phakathi kweminye iminyaka, amamotori omkhulu angafanele ukusebenza kahle. Lezi ziqondwa ngokuthi zinamandla okuhlanza izinto okuphakeme kakhulu futhi zisebenzisa izinhlelo zokuvula kwezinye izinto ngokungafanele, uma kunezikhathi eziningi phakathi kwamasebenzi ukuze izinto zihlanze kahle. Qinisa ukuthi ubheke kakhulu kwezimali ezikhipha kakhulu. Khumbula lezi zikhathi lapho izihluzi zibegina ukudonsa izinto ezinamandla okuhlanza izinto noma lapho izinkampani zidinga amandla okuhlanza izinto ekusukweni. Amamotori ayidinga amandla okuhlanza izinto angu-20 ku-40 percenti ngaphezu kwezimali zabo zokusebenza ukuze bahlangele lezi zikhathi ngaphandle kokubhekana nokuhlupha noma ukwenza izinto zokuhlupha kwezinhlelo zokuhlanza izinto zezinkampani. Umsebenzi wokugcina ophendulwe ngu-Electromechanical Reliability Consortium wabonisa ukuthi ukufana kwezimali zokusebenza kuyenza ukuthi amamotori abhekana nokuhlupha kahle kunezikhathi ozizwa ngazo kumashumi kabili amabili wezinkampani.
Ukuqiniseka kwezinhloso zokulinda izulu—ukulinganisa kwe-IP, isikhala sesikhathi, ukubhishwa kwezincili/amanzi, nokuziphatha kwe-EMI
Lapho ukhetha isilinganiso se-IP, qiniseka ukuthi siyavumelana nokuthi imishini izobhekana nesimo esinjani. I-IP54 inikeza ukuzivikela okuhle othulini nasemanzini, ngakho isebenza kahle ngokwanele emapulazini amaningi ezimboni. Kodwa uma kuzoba nokuwashwa okukhulu noma ukuchayeka ngaphandle, khona-ke i-IP67 iyadingeka. Ukweqa umkhawulo wokushisa okuvamile wokusebenza ongu-20°C kuya ku-+70°C kungenza izinto zibe zimbi ngempela. Amagnethi alahlekelwa amandla awo futhi ukufakwa kwensimbi okuvikelayo kuqala ukuwohloka, okuye kunciphise ukusebenza kahle cishe ngo-15% futhi kusheshise ukuguga kwezingxenye. Ezindaweni lapho ukuphazamiseka kwe-electromagnetic kubaluleke kakhulu, njengezibhedlela noma amalebhu enza izivivinyo ezibucayi, khetha ama-motors ahambisana nokuvikela, izintambo ezihlungiwe, nalawo makhemikhali amancane e-ferrite asiza ukuvimba amasignali angafuneki. Futhi lapho ubhekene nomswakama ophakeme noma izimo ezibolayo, funa izinjini ezinama-windings avikelwe ngengubo evumelana nezimo nazo zonke izingxenye zensimbi ezenziwe ngensimbi engagqwali. Lokhu kusiza ukugcina umswakama ungaphandle futhi kumise ukusabela kwamakhemikhali okulimaza izinto ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
Faka kumqondo izinto zokulungisa okuthile okuzwenzeka kusenzo
Lapho sibheka ukuhlanganiswa kwezimoto ezingama-24V DC, kunokuningi okufanele kucatshangelwe kunokucaciswa okuyisisekelo nje. Ukuthembeka kwezwe langempela kuncike kakhulu ezicini eziqondene nesicelo ngasinye. Ngokwesibonelo, cabanga ngamazinga okudlidliza aqhubekayo. Lezi yizinkinga ezivamile ezintweni ezinjengamarobhothi ahambayo noma imishini yezolimo. Ukuze sikwenze kahle lokhu, sidinga ukulinganisela kahle kwe-rotor nama-bearings aqine ukuze imoto ingasheshi ukuguga. Kukhona nemithwalo yokushaqeka, eyenzeka njalo emibhinqweni yokuthutha esetshenziselwa ukuhlunga amaphakheji. Ama-rotor ane-inertia ephezulu kanye ne-hardware ekhethekile yokufaka eyenzelwe ukushayisana kubalulekile lapha. Ezindaweni lapho umsindo ubaluleke kakhulu, cabanga ngemishini yaselebhu noma imishini yezokwelapha eseduze kweziguli, ama-brushless motors ane-sinusoidal commutation agudlukile asebenza kangcono. Zihlanganise nezinhlelo zokupholisa ezingakhiqizi umsindo owengeziwe futhi yonke into isebenza buthule. Isikhala singase sibe enye inselele. Ngezinye izikhathi ama-motor angenasiqu anengqondo, noma mhlawumbe izandiso zeshafti ezenziwe ngezifiso lapho ezokuhamba ezijwayelekile zingeke zilungele. Izimoto ezihlanganisiwe ze-gearmotor zixazulula nezinkinga zesikhala. Futhi kuthiwani ngezikhungo lapho ukugcinwa kungenakwenzeka khona? Kufika engqondweni izinto ezisebenza ngaphansi kwamanzi, noma izingxenye ezindizeni. Kulezi zimo, kudingeka ukuba kube nama-bearings agqunywe ukuze asindise. Ezimotweni ezixutshiwe, amabhulashi ahlala isikhathi eside ayasiza. Izindlu ze-BLDC ezivalelwe ngokuphelele nazo zisebenza kahle. Ungalokothi ukhohlwe ukuhlola lezo zilinganiso zemvelo njengamazinga okuvikelwa kwe-IP namazinga okushisa ngokuqhathanisa nezimo zokusebenza zangempela. Izixhumi ezibonakalayo ezisebenza ngomshini nazo zibalulekile. Qiniseka ukuthi ubukhulu be-NEMA buyahambisana, nokuthi izintambo zomgodi zihambisana nezindinganiso zomkhakha ngaphambi kokuqeda noma yikuphi ukufakwa.
Isikhombisi Sokuqala
Iyiphi uvumelwano lwesikhundla sokuvamisa okumelwe kumotori we-24V DC?
Umthombo wamandla kufanele abeke amandla e-24V DC esihlukahlukene ngokuphelele, noma kuphela ukuthi kuhlanganise ku-±5% ukuze kubhekwe ukusebenza kahle nokungavimbi ukugqibela kwemithombo.
Kuyisiphi isiphakade sokuguqula phakathi kwe-motorsi yezibhusha nezibhusha-angabi?
Amotori yezibhusha inemithombo yezinhlobo zokusebenza ezihlukahlukene okuhlanganisa ngokuphelele, futhi kufanele kwenziwe ukulungisa ngokuphelele, ngakho-ke amotori angazibhusha ayisebenzisa amandla amathuba, okunquma ukulungisa futhi ukuphakamisa isikhathi sokusebenza.
